口语中的表语从句 表语从句的视频讲解

2024-11-10 09:52 - 立有生活网

定语从句与表语从句

表语从句

口语中的表语从句 表语从句的视频讲解口语中的表语从句 表语从句的视频讲解


口语中的表语从句 表语从句的视频讲解


口语中的表语从句 表语从句的视频讲解


一、何谓“表语”?

说到表语从句,就不得不先说说什么是“表语”。

表语是英语区别于汉语所特有的一种词类,是起表述作用的句子成分:

从形式上讲,它是位于系动词之后的成分;

从含义上讲,它是用来描述主语“是什么或是怎么样”的成分。

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。表语必须和系动词一起构成系表结构,作为句子的复合谓语。表语通常由名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、形容词化的现在分词或过去分词以及从句来充当。

二、何谓“表语从句”?

当句子的表语由从句来充当时,这个从句就叫做表语从句。

表语从句一般都是位于系动词之后的。

三、表语从句的连接词

常用来表语从句的连接词主要有:

that

wher

what/who/whom/whose/which

when/where/why/how及其短语

(一)that

当that表语从句时,只起连接作用,不在表语从句中充当任何句子成分。如:

His a is that we should lee for Shanghai before dawn.

Her plan is that she will call the pol first and then try to stop the thief from running away.

【注意】

当名词主语是表示建议、命令、要求等含义(如a、order、idea、notion、proal、suggestion、request等)时,其表语从句中的谓语动词一般要采用“should+do”的形式,should可以省略。如:

The offr's order was that all the soldiers (should) nr surrender to the enemy.

(二)wher

当表语从句要表达“是否”的含义时,连接词要用wher。如:

His question is wher they can arrive in London on time.

需要注意的是,尽管if也可以表示“是否”的含义,但在表语从句中只能用wher,不能用if。

(三)what/who/whom/whose/which

这些疑问代词如果用来连接表语从句,既起着连接作用,同时又在从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。如:

My concern is what he really expects to get from us.

Her question is who has broken the glass.

Our dilemma is which side we should take.

Their worry is whom she can rely on.

His puzzle is whose money it belongs to.

(四)when/where/why/how及其短语

这些疑问副词如果用来连接表语从句,既起着连接作用,同时又在从句中充当句子成分,一般作状语。如:

The question is when he will show up at the party tomorrow.

He remains where I was last night.

That's why he was late for school this morning.

Her concern is how he mad to climb into her kitchen yesterday.

【注意】

当主语是reason时,表语从句要用that连接,而不是because。如:

The reason why he was late was that he missed the first morning bus.

四、表语从句的特殊连接词

除了以上常见的连接词外,还有一些特殊的连接词可以用来连接表语从句。

(一)(just) as

表示“正如”,经常与表象系动词look/seem/appear搭配使用。如:

She looks just as she was ten years ago.

(二)as if/though

表示“好像”,也常与表象系动词look/seem/appear搭配使用。如:

It looks as if/though it's going to rain soon.

【注意】

这种情况下,as if/though后面的表语从句中的谓语动词一般采用虚拟语气形式,其用法是:该谓语动词的时态要采用相应的过去时态。如:

She acts as if/though she were the hostess of this house.

They looked as if/though they had lived here for a long time.

(三)because

前面讲到why可以用来连接表语从句,其实because也可以用来连接表语从句。如:

She is very familiar with the film. This is because she has already seen the film.

【注意】

在这种情况下,尽管since/for/as都可以表示原因,但这三个词不能用来连接表语从句。

定语从句

一. 定语从句的概念

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二. 定语从句的关系词

定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三. 定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四. 关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.

玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.

我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)

2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.

位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.

我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:

The girl who often s me with my English is from England.

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)

Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?

正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)

注意:

(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:

This is the house in which we lived last year.

这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please l me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文。

(2)含有介词的`固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:

This is the person whom you are looking for.

这就是你要找的那个人。

(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:

The city that she lives in is very far away.

她居住的城市非常远。

(4)关系词只能用that的情况:

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

He was the first person that passed the exam.

他是个通过考试的人。

b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, rything, anything, none, the one等不定代词指物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:

This is the same bike that I lost.

这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e. 以who或which的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:

Who is the girl that is crying?

正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

f. 主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:

a. 先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:

What’s that which is under the desk?

在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b. 关系代词前有介词时,which,而不用that.例如:

This is the room in which he lives.

这是他居住的房间。

c. 非限制性定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which, 而不用that,例如:

Tom came back, which made us happy.

汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。

五. 关系副词的用法

1. when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:

This was the time when he arrived.

这是他到达的时间。

2. where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:

This is place where he works.

这是他工作的地点。

3. why 指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.

没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

英语八大从句类型与用法总结

从句,即从属子句,是复句中具有分属地位的分句,它是一种绝大部分语言都有的语法结构。在现代汉语的语法中,“从句”不作为专业术语被使用。在现代英语的语法中,从句指复合句中不能成句,但具有主语部分和谓语部分,由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、wher、which等词(Connective)的非主句部分。

从句用法总结

1.主语从句

1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有:

It is a facta pitya questiongood news that...

It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that...

It is clearimportantlikelysible that...

It is said

eportedestimatedhas been proved that...

It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.

It seems that the performance is very useful.

2)what的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。

What we lack is experience.

3)what,who,when,why,wher等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们的主语从句,都用陈述语序。

How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.

I did know why I felt like crying.

2.宾语从句

1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是)已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that的宾语从句。

I promised that I would change the situation.

All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.

He is certain that watching so much evision is not good for children.

This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.

2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。

He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.

3)在think,beli,supe,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式。

He didn't think that the money was well spent.

3.表语从句

表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,wher,how等外,还可由because,as if(though)等。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that表语从句,不可用because.

Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.

The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.

It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world aller.

4.同位语从句

同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用wher,who,when,where,what,why,how等。常见的先行名词有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后。

She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.

I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.

The news came that their team had won the championship.

5.定语从句

定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词,也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后,由关系代词或关系副词。

限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句修饰先行词,对先行词起修饰作用,紧接先行词之后,无逗号,若省去,原句意思不完整。定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人,whose有时也可指物,相当于of which;which用于指物;that既可指人也可指物,但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了定语从句,替代先行词外,还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定语等。

The comrs and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.

Those who live alone or who are sick may he trouble in getting close to other people.

The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.

1)当先行词是all,anything,rything,soming,nothing等不定代词或先行词前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容词修饰时,只能用关系代词that从句。

That is all that I've heard from him.

He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.

2)关系代词的省略

在从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom从句,并且不可省略,但当介词位于宾语从句句末时,作为介词宾语的关系代词仍可用that,也可省略。

This is one of those things with which we he to put up.

This is one of those things (whichthat) we he to put up with.

3)定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等。关系副词在从句中作状语,意义上相当于一个“介词+which”的结构。

Even in comic books where(=in which) there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.

No one knows the reason why(=for which) he was so angry that day.

5.定语从句

非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。不可用that非限制性定语从句。关系词不可省略。

Every object has a gritational pull,which is rather like magneti.

“介词+whichwhomwhose”的定语从句

“介词+whichwhomwhose”可限制性定语从句,也可非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配。

This is the comr on which he spent all his sings

It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.

as的定语从句

as的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词。as非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。

These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行词problems)

As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主语)

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

一、概说

状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。

二、时间状语从句

1.时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before,after,when,while,as,since,till,until,assoonas等。

2.表示“当…时候”的while,when,as的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用as。另外,用于此义的as所的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的是B而不能是A:

“I’mgoingtothetoff.”“_____you’rere,canyougetmesomestamps?”

A.As B.While C.Because D.If

3.until在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。如:

Hewaiteduntilshewasabouttolee.他等着一直到她准备离开。

Ididnotbegintoworktillhehadgone.他走了后我才开始工作。

4.表示“一…就”除用assoonas外,还可用theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediay,directly,instantly,nosooner…than,hardly…when等。如:

Icameimmediayyoucalled.你一来电话我就来了。

Hardlyhadshearrivedwhenitbegantosnow.她刚到就下起雪来了。

ThemomentIhefinishedI'llgiveyouacall.我一干完就给你打电话。

5.rytime,eachtime,(the)nexttime,(the)lasttime,bythetime,thefirsttime,anytime等以time结尾的词语也可用作连词,时间状语从句。如:

Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosedoor.下次你进来,请关门。

Hedidn’tlmeanythingthelasttimeIsawhim.上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。

BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.我到家时她已睡觉了。

三、条件状语从句

1.条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas等。如:

Don’tcomeunlessIephone.除非我打电话,否则你别来。

Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。

Aslongasyoudoyourbest,we’llbehappy.只要你尽力,我们就满意了。

2.incase也可条件状语从句,其意为“如果”、“万一”。如:

IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.如果我忘了,请提醒我。

四、让步状语从句

1.让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,howr(=nomatterhow),nif(即使),wher…or(不论…还是)等连词。如:

Thespeechisgood,thoughitcouldbebetter.这次演讲不错,虽然还可以再好一点。

Hewentouhoughitwasraining.尽管下雨,他还是出去了。

2.as也可让步状语从句,但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前,若提前的是单数可数名词,要省略a/an。如:

Teacherasheis,hecan’tknowrything.虽然是老师,他也不可能什么都懂。

3.连词while有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”,让步状语从句。如:

Whilewedon’tagreewecontinuetobefriends.尽管我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。

4.whatr,whor,howr,whenr,wherr等让步状语从句。如:

Don’tloseheartwhatryoudo.不管你做什么,都不要灰心。

Whoryouare,youcan’tpassthisway.不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。

注:表示“虽然”的though,although不可与but连用,但可与yet,still连用。

五、原因状语从句

1.原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)等:

Theycan’thegoneoutbecauselight’son.他们不可能出去了,因为灯还亮着。

Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去,我也去。

Nowthatwearealone,wecanspeakfreely.现在我们单独在一起,可以随便谈了。

2.除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的原因状语从句的从属连词外,when有时也可原因状语从句,其意“既然”。如:

Ican’tlyouwhenyouwon'tlisten.既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。

3.有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点:

(1)as与since,nowthat一样表示双方都知道的原因,通常位于主句前,且均不可用于强调结构被强调。

(2)当表示直接的因果关系,回答why时,或有only,just,all,partly,not,but等副词修饰时,或用在强调结构中都只能用because。

(3)for有时也可引出表示原因的分句,但它只能位于后面,对前一分句加以解释或推断。

(4)不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so连用。

六、地点状语从句

地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where(在…的地方),wherr(无论什么地方),rywhere(每个…地方),anywhere(任何…地方)。如:

I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.我不在原处住了。

Youcan’tcampwhere[wherr,anywhere]youlikesedays.如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。

EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesaming.不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。

2.有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多,误认为考试不会涉及,但恰恰相反,地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题:

(1)Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_____youheanyquestions.

A.atwhich B.atwhere C.theplacewhere D.where

(2)Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.

A.that B.where C.which D.when

(3)Youshouldmakeitaruletoleings_____youcanfindthemagain.

A.when B.where C.then D.there

(4)Shefoundhercalculator______shelostit.

A.where B.when C.inwhich D.that

以上四题均选where,其意为“在…的地方”,用以地点状语从句。

七、目的状语从句

1.目的状语从句的从属连词主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。如:

IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.我租了一条船去钓鱼。

Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).带着雨衣以防下雨。

Hestudiedhardinorderthathecouldpasstheexam.他努力学习,是为了能通过考试。

2.目的状语从句的sothat有时可省so或that,即单独用so或that来目的状语从句。如:

Checkcarefully,soanymistakewillbecaught.仔细检查,以便任何错误都可检查出。

BringitcloserthatImightseeitbetter.拿近些,使我能看得清楚些。

八、结果状语从句

结果状语从句的从属连词主要有sothat,so…that,such…that等。如:

Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.他气得话都说不出来。

Heshutthewindowwithsuchforcattheglasroke.他关窗子用力很大,结果玻璃震破了。

注:so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。

表语从句用法归纳

表语从句用法归纳:

1、表语从句概说

表语从句即在主从复合句中用作表语的从句。表语从句的词有连词that,wher,连接代词和连接副词以及as if,as though,because等连词。

(1)My idea is that we should do it at once。我的想法是我们应该马上做。

(2)The question is wher he is honest。问题是他是否诚实。

(3)The problem is how we can find him。问题是我们如何找到他。

(4)That was when I was fif这是。我15岁时发生的事。

(5)That's why I can't go with you。那就是我不能同你一起去的原因。

(6)It isn't as if you were going away for r。又不是你离开不回来了。

(7)It is because I love you too much。那是因为我太爱你了。

2、两点重要说明:

(1) wher可表语从句,但与之同义的if却通常不用于表语从句;because可表语从句,但与之同义的since,as,for等也不用于表语从句。

(2) 表语从句的that通常不省略,但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略:The trouble is (that)he is ill。糟糕的是他病了。

顺便说一句,主语从句that通常也不能省略,但若句首使用了形式主语it,真正的的主语从句位于句末时,that有时也可省略。

英语中,表语是什么?举几个简单的例子

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,ell等词)之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。一、什么是表语(predicative) 在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。即是指“是”字句“是”字后面的成分。表语就是起表述作用的句子成分。它修饰的是主语。表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于连系动词(be, become, appear, seem等)之后。 Albert Einstein was a famous professor of physics. 阿尔伯特.爱因斯坦是一位有名的物理学家。 二、不定式、动名词与分词作表语的区别 不定式和动名 词作表语相当于一个名词作表语,含义是回答主语“是什么”;分词作表语相当于形容词作表语,含义是回答主语“怎么样”。 1.Our plan is to keep the affair secret. 我们的是让这件事成为秘密。(主语和表语是相等的) 2.This beautiful village remains unknown to the rest of the world. 这个美丽的村庄仍未外界所知。(主语和表语是不相等的) 三 、不定式和动名词作表语的区别 不定式和动名词作表语虽都是用于回答主语“是什么”的,但二者仍有一些区别。不定式作表语强调的是一次性、具体的、将要发生的动作;动名词作表语强调的是一 般性、抽象的、经常发生的动作。 His job is to paint the walls. 他的工作是粉刷这些墙 四、现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别 现在分词和过去分词作表语都是用于回答主语“怎么样”的。现在分词说明主语的特征,过去分词说明主语的状态。 1.This dog is frightening. 这条狗让人害怕。(说明狗的特征) 2.This dog is frightened. 这条狗有些害怕。(说明狗的状态) 五、不定式作表语和不定式表示将来时的区别 不定式作表语用于说明主语“是什么”,和主语之间是可以划等号的,不定式用来表示将来时态时,表示主语即将要执行的动作,和主语之间是不能划等号的。 What he wanted to suggest is to cut down the pr and increase the sales. 他想建议的是降价促销。 六、-ing动词作表语和-ing动词用于进行时的区别 动名词作表语说明主语“是什么”,现在分词作表语说明主语是特征。-ing动词用于正在进行时时,说明主语正在执行的动作。 She is taking care of the children. 她在照料小孩。(说明她正在执行的动作) 七、过去分词作表语和过去分词用于被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语说明主语所处的状态,过去分词用于被动语态说明主语所承受的动作。 1.The cup is broken. 杯子碎了。(说明杯子是状态) 2.The cup was broken by Peter. 杯子是被彼得打坏的。(说明杯子承受的动作—被打坏了) 各种形式 一. 名词作表语 Africa is a big continent. 非洲是个大洲。 That remains a puzzle to me. 这对我还是个难题。 二. 代词作表语 What’s your fax number? 你的传真号是多少? Who's your best friend? 你的朋友是谁? 三. 形容词作表语 I feel much better today. 我今天感觉好多了。 四. 数词作表语 She was the first to learn about it. 她是个知道的人。 五. 不定式或ing形式作表语 Her job is selling comrs. 她的工作是销售电脑。 Our next step was to get raw materials ready. 我们下一步是把原料准备好。 六. 介词短语作表语 The patient is o

主语的性质

介绍一下主语从句和表语从句??

个人分数

表语从句定义:在一个复合句中,从句作的是主语的表语成分。在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句.

表语从句和主从都是名词性从句,简单地说如果在be动词后的表语一般是由名词或形容词来充当,如果是一个句子的话,那么这个句子就是表从,同理,主语由句子来充当的那就是主从,名词性从句就是有位置和成分来判断的

各路高手,请问英语中什么是定语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句?

如果单方面讲句子,可能有点抽象,那你对比一下下面的这些句子: 1 、 名词性从句 (1) 主语从句 What he wants is a piece of . It is belid that he can solve the problem. 注:主语从句的谓语动词用单数。 (2)宾语从句 I don't know how to solve the problem. Do you know where he lives? (3)表语从句 The problem is who can me. This is why I came here. (4)同位语从句 I he no idea where he went. I heard the news that he would come. 同位语从句用that,常跟在fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt等词后,that在从句中不作任何成分。 2、定语从句 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句,定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。 (1)that指物时一般可与which互换,但在下列情况下,要用that而不用which。 a. 先行词有all, rything等不定代词时,如, Everything (that) he did is wrong. b. 先行词被all, ry, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时,如, I'll read all the books (that) you lend me. c. 先行词被序数词或形容词修饰时, This is the first letter (that) the boy has written. d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时,如 He is the very man (that) I'm looking for. e. 只用which的情况 在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中 This is the book about which we he talked a lot. The book, which he ge me yesterday, is very interesting. f. where和when作关系副词 This is the room where I worked. This is the room which I stayed in. I remembered the day when we lived there. I remembered the day that I spent there. g. as和which as 可以放于句首,而which 不可以 As you know, he is good at English. three of them 和three of which I he a lot of books, three of which are in Russian. I he a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.

表语从句词有哪些?

表语从句词如下:

1、That

当用that表语从句时,that仅仅起一个连接的作用,无词义,也不用翻译,在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分,除了在部分口语句子中,通常不省略,举例:

The fact was that he had forgotten about it.

事实上,他已经把这件事忘了。

2、Wher

当表语从句要表达“是否”的含义时,连接词要用wher,并且不能用if进行替换,举例:

-The trouble was wher we could ma it ourselves or not.

问题是我们自己能不能做得到。

3、疑问代词

疑问代词指这些:who,whom,whose,whor,what,whatr,which,whichr 它们不仅起连接作用,又充当句子成分,举例:

The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.

问题不是谁去,而是谁留下来。

4、疑问副词

疑问副词指那些表示地点、时间、原因、方式等的词:where、when、how、why 等,它们在表语从句中既起着连接作用,同时充当从句的句子成分,一般作状语,举例:

This is where you came in.

这就是你进来的地方。

5、特殊词

特殊的词指这几个:(just) as, as if, as though, because 的表语从句,举例:

John looked just as he had looked twenty years before.

约翰看起来还与二十年前一样。

英语语法:表语从句的用法

导语: 表语从句在一个 复合句中,从句作的是主句的表语成分。下面我为您收集整理了英语表语从句的用法,希望对您有帮助!

表语从句的定义:

A. 表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。

例句:The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 问题是,当我们可以得到加薪。

B. 连接表语从句的连接词有:that, what, who, when, where, which, why。例句:

He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.

他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。

She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.

她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。

His suggestion is that we should stay calm.

他的建议是,我们应该保持冷静。

The question is when he can arrive at the ho.

问题是,他什么时候可以到达酒店。

表语从句的.注意事项:

A. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False: The question is when can he arrive at the ho.

Right: The question is when he can arrive at the ho.

B. 不可以用if,而用wher连接表语从句(as if 例外);

宾语从句时可以互换if/wher,位于介词后要用wher;

位于句首时要用wher;

表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时要用wher。

False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: The question is wher the enemy is marching towards us.

Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.

C. 不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。

Right: The question is who will trel with me to Beijing tomorrow.

Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.

D. that在表语从句中不可以省掉。

表语从句的基本用法:

表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词。

名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句,例如:

The problem is how we can get the things we need. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)

The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)

What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语,that作为表语从句的词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分,不能省略)

That is what I want to l you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)

That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)

注意:“That is why...”是常用句型,意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”,其中why的名词性从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结,又如:That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮,这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异,说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括)。

下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构,它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚:

(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义,只不过从语法结构上讲,“That is the reason why...”中why的是—个定语从句,将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样,例如:

That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。

(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是个常用句型,意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由,“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果, 例如:

He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(句话说明结果, 第二句话说明原因)

He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电影,因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(句话说明原因,第二句话说明结果)

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